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''Histories'' ((ラテン語:Historiae)) is a Roman historical chronicle by Tacitus. Written c. 100–110, it covers the Year of Four Emperors following the downfall of Nero, as well as the period between the rise of the Flavian Dynasty (69–96) under Vespasian and the death of Domitian.〔''Tacitus and the Writing of History'' by Ronald H. Martin 1981 ISBN 0520044274 pages 104-105〕 Together the ''Histories'' and the ''Annals'' amounted to 30 books.〔 Saint Jerome refers to these books explicitly, and about half of them have survived.〔 Although scholars disagree on how to assign the books to each work, traditionally, fourteen are assigned to ''Histories'' and sixteen to the ''Annals''.〔 Tacitus' friend Pliny the Younger referred to "your histories" when writing to Tacitus about the earlier work.〔''The Annals: The Reigns of Tiberius, Claudius, and Nero'' by Cornelius Tacitus and J. C. Yardley ISBN 019282421X Oxford pages ii to xxvii〕 By the time Tacitus had completed the ''Histories,'' it covered Roman history from the death of Nero to the end of the reign of Domitian, meaning the period between AD 69 and AD 96. The ''Annals'' deals with the five decades before Nero, meaning from the reign of Tiberius in AD 14 to the death of Nero in AD 68.〔 ==Subject matter== In one of the first chapters of the ''Agricola,'' Tacitus states that he wishes to speak about the years of Domitian, of Nerva, and of Trajan. In the ''Historiae,'' the project has been modified: in the introduction, Tacitus says that he will deal with the age of Nerva and Trajan at a later time. Instead, he covers the period that started with the civil wars of the Year of Four Emperors and ended with the despotism of the Flavians. Only the first four books and the first 26 chapters of the fifth book have survived, covering the year 69 and the first part of 70. The work is believed to have continued up to the death of Domitian on September 18, 96. The fifth book contains—as a prelude to the account of Titus's suppression of the Great Jewish Revolt—a short ethnographic survey of the ancient Jews and is an invaluable record of the educated Romans' attitude towards that people. Tacitus wrote the ''Historiae'' 30 years later, not long after Trajan's seizure of power, which bore similarities to the events of the year 69, when four emperors — Galba, Otho, Vitellius and Vespasian — each took power in quick succession. The mode of their accession showed that because imperial power was based on the support of the legions, an emperor could now be chosen not only at Rome, but anywhere in the empire where sufficient legions were amassed. Nerva, like Galba, came to the throne by senatorial designation -- in Nerva's case, after the violent death of the previous emperor, Domitian. Like Galba, Nerva had to deal with a revolt of Praetorians and like Galba, he had designated his successor by the traditional expedient of adoption. Galba, described by Tacitus as a feeble old man, had chosen a successor unable, due to his severity, to obtain the faith and the control of the troops. Nerva, instead, had consolidated his power by making a link between the throne and Trajan, who was general of the Upper Rhine legions and popular throughout the army. It is probable that Tacitus was a member of the imperial council in which Trajan was chosen to be adopted. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Histories (Tacitus)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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